We recently demonstrated that encapsulation of Esc peptides inside engineered biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) made of poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid is an excellent strategy (i) to overcome lung barriers (i.e. the sticky mucus lying the airways epithelia, mostly in cystic fibrosis), that usually interfere with the antibiotic treatment and (ii) to prolong the in vitro/in vivo antimicrobial efficacy of the encapsulated peptide.